Languages
The programming, markup, query, shell, and domain-specific languages identified across the companies we profile. Each entry shows how many companies surface the language in their public workforce signals.
Statically typed, compiled language with built-in concurrency primitives; popular for cloud-native services.
Systems language emphasizing memory safety without garbage collection.
JVM language blending OO and functional styles; common in data-engineering and big-data ecosystems.
Standardized declarative language for relational database access.
High-level interpreted language used heavily for data, ML/AI, scripting, and backend services.
Microsoft's cross-language runtime spanning C#, VB.NET, F#, and the .NET base class library.
The structural markup language of the web.
JVM-based object-oriented language, dominant in enterprise back-end systems.
GNU shell scripting language, dominant Unix scripting environment.
Web-native scripting language; also dominant server-side via Node.js.
Extensible markup format used in enterprise data exchange and configuration; XSD validates structure.
Microsoft's primary .NET language, used across enterprise back-end, desktop, and game development.
Open Policy Agent policy language for cloud-native authorization.
Microsoft's object-oriented automation shell, cross-platform since v6.
Strongly typed superset of JavaScript that compiles to plain JavaScript.
Compiled systems language with rich standard library and metaprogramming; used in performance-critical software.
Umbrella term for non-relational query patterns across document, key-value, columnar, and graph stores.
Lightweight data-interchange format that has overtaken XML for web APIs and config.
Modeling language for visualizing software system designs.
Server-side scripting language powering a large share of the legacy web.
Dynamic OO language popularized by the Rails web framework.
JVM-and-multiplatform language now Google's primary Android language.
Human-readable data-serialization format common in DevOps and Kubernetes manifests.
Microsoft SQL Server's procedural extension to SQL.
HashiCorp's declarative configuration language used by Terraform.
Modern shell that emphasizes interactive ergonomics.
Extended Bourne-shell variant favored for interactive use.
Property-graph query language popularized by Neo4j.
Schema-typed query language for APIs.
Style-sheet language that drives the visual layer of the web.
Plain-text markup format for documentation and rich notes.
Salesforce's Java-like language for server-side platform logic.
SAP's domain language for customizing and extending SAP ERP and S/4HANA.
JVM scripting language, widely used in build pipelines (Jenkins, Gradle).
Functional, concurrent BEAM-VM language used for fault-tolerant systems.
Google language used primarily for Flutter mobile/web app development.
High-performance language for technical computing, gaining adoption in scientific ML.
Numerical computing environment used in engineering, signal processing, and control systems.
Statistical programming language popular in research, biostatistics, and analytics.
Apple's modern application language for iOS, macOS, and Linux.
The foundational systems language; widely used in operating systems, embedded, and toolchains.